Sustainability Principles for Regulations -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theSustainability Principles for Government Regulations. Answer: Introduction: Sustainability can be defined as the concept that deals with making optimum use of the resources so that it can be retained and the balance can be maintained between the resources and the activities. This is the report that discusses government regulations of Australia and India regarding water and energy sustainability. This is because these are the two resources that are most frequently used by the population. This report also discusses about the role of innovations and non-governmental organizations in maintain the water and energy sustainability in the countries. Government regulation of countries regarding water sustainability: Australia Japan Central Coast Water Corporation Act 2006: It is the Act that deals with sustainability of coast water. There are several other Acts such as: Dams safety Act 1978 Hunter water Act 1991 State water Corporation Act 2005 (Godden, 2005). Waterworks Act: The major Act that has been implemented by the government of Japan. It was the most popular and the older act that was passed by the government of Japan in order to make sustainable and clean water supply to the population. The Basic Environment Law: It is the law that has been passed by the government for sustainability and management of all kinds of resources such as air, water, energy etc. (Fukasaku, 1995). Comprehensive National water Resources Plan: It is the plan that deals with development of water resources by formation of dams and water system that monitors the water quality and quantity. Key scientific research and technological innovation of the country: Australia: As far as the technological advancement is considered, it has been analysed that Australia is not being from Japan in this field. The country is using various technological innovations in order to reuse the waste water generated from the industries. One of the technologies is Membrane bioreactor technology to treat black water. There are still some opportunities available with the country that can be explored in order to get better water resources (State of the Environment 2011 Committee, 2011). Japan: Although the water resources are restricted in Japan but it is still experiencing economic growth because of the management in industrial water usage. This is because of the water saving technology advancement of the country. Japan is using different types of water saving technologies such as membrane technology along with the technologies related to earthquake and leakage prevention. It all results in making the country worlds largest and most efficient in water resource management (hman, 2006). The recovery rate of industrial water so the country is increased by 80%. This suggests that technological advancement in the country is the major strength it has. Role of NGOs and private sector: Australia: Japan: It has been analysed that NGOs and private sector companies are playing a great role in sustainability of water in Australia. NGOs are the local bodies that look for the water supply issues at the place and implement the policies that resolve the issues (Gruber and Brand 1991). Private sector companies are also contributing in technological innovation that has been made in the country for water sustainability. There are many NGOs and private sector companies that are contributing in the water sustainability projects that are run by the government. It has been analysed that some of the NGO's like NPO, ECOPLUS, Renewable energy network etc. are contributing their part in water sustainability projects such as clean water that was conducted in collaboration with U.S. As far as the private companies are concerned, these companies are contributing in providing the technology for managing the water scarcity in the country. Exemplar practices: There are different projects that are being practiced by both the countries as per their water sustainability issues. Some of the projects are: Australia: Japan: Water Loss management in resorts Entertainment venue- investigation base flow Strategic water supply monitoring system Storm water treatment 4?C Aqua Program Darvish Yu water fund Smile by water project JWF fund These are some of the programs and practices that are being conducted in the country in order to sustain water resources for the future generation to come. Government regulation of countries regarding energy sustainability: Australia: Japan: Code of Australia Renewable energy targets Environment protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 Clean Energy Regulator Act 2011 (Cleanenergycouncil.org.au., 2017). The Energy Conservation Law It has been established in the year of 1979. It is the law that was established in order to conserve the save the energy. SETSUDEN power saving campaign It is the campaign that deals with power saving of the energy used. Establishment of EE measures Cooperation of EE technology Kyoto achievement plan Key scientific research and technological innovation of the country: Australia: The country is investing a lot in renewable energy agency and clean energy finance corporation in order to develop a new and innovative ways to conserve the energy in the country. The Australian renewable energy agency has invested and supported the government by $3.2 billion in order to develop, demonstrate and commercialize renewable energy. Clean technology and innovation program has also been conducted by the government (Australia.gov.au., 2017). Japan: NEDO is the implementation body that has developed new technological innovation in terms developing energy conservation methods that can be used in the country. Cool Earth is the program that has been conducted in order to develop the technological techniques so that the energy can be saved and conserved in Japan. This program has initiated to improve the power generation plant in the country and also improves the different industrial processes so as to conserve the energy used by them (Fukasaku, 1995). Role of NGOs and private sector: Australia: Japan: In Australia, different NGOs and private companies are contributing their part in sustainability of energy resources by investing some amount of their profits to the clean and technology innovation projects. It has been analysed that through CSR activities, the companies associated with the NGOs to serve the people at the rural areas who are not getting electricity (Evans, Strezov and Evans, 2009). It has been analysed that the demands for energy consumption is increasing day by day especially in the private sector and industrial firms. Thus it is required to identify the opportunities in which the private sector and NGOs can play their part for conservation. All the initiatives that have been taken by the government are circulated to the companies and these companies have the power to make suggestion in regulation of energy use. Even the NGOs in japan and contributing towards this (Department of the Environment and Energy., 2017). Exemplar practices: Japan: Clean energy finance corporation Innovation in clean technology and renewable energy Energy efficiency opportunities program There are many other program that are also conducted and practices in the country in order to save and conserve the energy usage so that sustainable use of resource can be done (Creative, 2017). SETSUDEN Cool Earth program International Partnership for energy Efficiency Cooperation International Renewable Energy Agency These are some of the projects that are initiated in Japan for conservation of energy Comparison: Australia has very different culture and geography than Japan. It is country that is facing issues of water because of the tourists and the major factors that is affecting the resources use of the place is tourism while japan is the place that is facing the industrial pressure and thus the measures to be sustainable in both the countries are different. It cannot be said that japan is better or Australia is better because the government of both countries are facing and overcoming with the issues as per the opportunities and resources available to them. In terms of technology, it has been analysed that Japan is way ahead than Australia. This is because Australia is majorly focusing on membrane filtration method while japan is focusing on many other technologies discussed. NGO contribution for energy and water sustainability is more in japan then Australia. Even fate facing so much of natural calamities, it has been analysed that Japan is experiencing economic growth because of the sust ainability practices the country is using in terms of usage of resources in the optimum manner. Conclusion: The report concludes that water and energy sustainability is the need of hour not for Australia and Japan but for the whole world. This is because the resources are very much scarce and thus it is required by the world to make some of the strategies in order to be sustainable so that the future generation can make use of the natural resources available on earth. Australia and Japan are using some of the technological innovations along with the government policies so as to make their country sustainable in terms of energy and water. References: hman, M., 2006. Government policy and the development of electric vehicles in Japan.Energy Policy,34(4), pp.433-443. Australia.gov.au. (2017).Energy efficiency | australia.gov.au. [online] Available at: https://www.australia.gov.au/information-and-services/environment/energy-efficiency [Accessed 10 Oct. 2017]. Cleanenergycouncil.org.au. (2017).Clean Energy Council - Technologies. [online] Available at: https://www.cleanenergycouncil.org.au/technologies.html [Accessed 10 Oct. 2017]. Creative, S. (2017).Energy Efficiency Council. [online] Eec.org.au. Available at: https://www.eec.org.au/ [Accessed 10 Oct. 2017]. Department of the Environment and Energy. (2017).Department of the Environment and Energy. [online] Available at: https://www.environment.gov.au/energy/efficiency [Accessed 10 Oct. 2017]. Evans, A., Strezov, V. and Evans, T.J., 2009. Assessment of sustainability indicators for renewable energy technologies.Renewable and sustainable energy reviews,13(5), pp.1082-1088. Fukasaku, Y., 1995. Energy and environment policy integration: the case of energy conservation policies and technologies in Japan.Energy policy,23(12), pp.1063-1076. Godden, L., 2005. Water law reform in Australia and South Africa: sustainability, efficiency and social justice.Journal of Environmental Law,17(2), pp.181-205. Gruber, E. and Brand, M., 1991. Promoting energy conservation in small and medium-sized companies.Energy Policy,19(3), pp.279-287. State of the Environment 2011 Committee, 2011. Australia state of the environment 2011in brief. Independent report to the Australian Government Minister for Sustainability, Environment, Water.Population and Communities. Canberra: DSEWPaC, pp.p7-8.